Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to damage to pancreatic cells.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the characteristics of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which, if not treated in time, can provoke the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the lower part of the stomach or have a dangerous nature.The inflammatory process in the pancreas provokes hyperthermia.In addition, there are changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) and the general condition of the patient worsens.It becomes pale, and subsequently the skin acquires an earthy gray hue.In cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice may be observed due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and belching, nausea begins to bother them.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.Electrolyte loss leads to sticky sweat, shortness of breath and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, with food particles and an unpleasant smell.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the navel.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he must be taken to the hospital immediately.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (they prevent the pancreas from swelling and help to quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), pain relievers, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed on an empty stomach.Only mineral water or rosehip decoction is allowed.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually introduced into the diet with the exclusion of foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and the formation of gas.
Therapeutic diet
It is developed according to the patient's condition.A diet for subsiding acute inflammation includes the following:
- providing the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds;
- increasing the amount of vitamins;
- reducing the amount or completely eliminating substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete refusal of smoked, spicy, salty, alcohol, spices and preserves;
- diet for pancreatitis includes cutting or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, i.e.mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed within 1-2 days;
- in pancreatitis and gastritis, the refusal of food can reduce the irritation of the mucous membrane.
Allowed products
If the pancreas is damaged, the patients' diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-sour cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, beef) in the form of souffle or puree;
- pike, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- grated vegetables that must first be boiled or roasted;
- biscuits or lightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelettes;
- for patients with pancreatitis it is allowed to consume olive oil and fat oil;
- Recommended cereals are oats, buckwheat and semolina;
- as a fruit it is allowed to eat unsweetened baked apples;
- The best drink to drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
With chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 g of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with crouton, steamed meat souffle, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelet in the amount of 110 g, steamed, compote;
- 250 g fish roll and tea;
- boiled milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- oatmeal soup (approximately 250 g), as well as meat soufflé (100 g), stewed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelette;
- cottage cheese souffle;
- a glass of boiled milk.
Option 3
- oatmeal and meat souffle, tea;
- cheese;
- soup of oatmeal and meat cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelette;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- fermented milk.
Diet meals should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.Meat dishes should not be stewed or baked, but should be boiled or steamed.Low-fat fish dishes are also prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to only add it to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.In addition, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Rye flour products are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of meals?
Each day, patients should receive approximately 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugar.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be an average of 2600 kilocalories.For the correct calculation of the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, the content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, as well as the number of kilocalories.With its help, the daily diet of patients not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require appropriate dietary nutrition is compiled.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.You need to drink half a glass of it two hours before a meal, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which you should take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of fennel and cumin is useful.
- It is useful to drink a solution of mumio every night for 10 days in a row, one hour after a meal (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months with chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) at night after dissolving in 100 ml of warmed milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, blueberry leaves, bean pods, yarrow root, wormwood herb and mint leaves.
The following medicine will help speed up your recovery.You need to pass a kilogram of lemons, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, then start taking a teaspoon.In chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory root, pour boiling water, boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above means, patients are recommended to do special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and slightly pull your stomach in, then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.Then you need to inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and strongly inflate your stomach, then relax.Exercises should be performed in a supine position three times a day, doing from 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the flow of digestive juices, which helps prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in case of acute pancreatitis, you should not resort to traditional methods, as the patient should be provided with immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.